In this article, we will share a list of rules and grammatical structures of the Japanese language studied in the JLPT N4. This is a complete list of N4 Japanese grammar, involving particles, adverbs, and other expressions that form the foundation of Japanese.
N4 JLPT Japanese Grammar
We recommend examining the grammatical expressions in isolation, as there may have been some errors during translation. The purpose of the list below is simply to show what you need to study to take the JLPT N4 exam.
Responsive Table: Scroll the table sideways with your finger >>
| ใใพใ๏ฝใชใ | amari~nai | not much, not very ~ |
| ใใใใพใ | itashimasu | to do (polite form of ใใ) |
| ใใใฃใใใ | irassharu | to be; to come; to go (polite version) |
| ใ๏ฝใใ ใใ | o~kudasai | please do (honorific) |
| ใ๏ฝใซใชใ | o~ni naru | to do (honorific) |
| ใใใซ | oki ni | repeated at intervals, every ~ |
| ใใ | kai | turns a statement into a yes/no question |
| ใใใ | ka shira | I wonder ~ |
| ใใใ | ga suru | to smell; to hear; to taste |
| ใใฉใใ | ka dou ka | whether or not ~ |
| ใใช | kana | I wonder; should I? |
| ใใใใใชใ | kamo shirenai | might; possibly; indicates possibility |
| ใใไฝใ๏ผใใใคใใ๏ผ | kara tsukuru | made of; made with |
| ใใ | gari | someone tends to; has a tendency to; is sensitive to ~ |
| ใใใปใใฃใฆใใ | garu; gatteiru | to show signs of; to appear; to feel, think |
| ใๅฟ ่ฆ๏ผใใฒใคใใ๏ผ | ga hitsuyou | need; necessary |
| ใใฃใจ | kitto | certainly; undoubtedly; almost certainly; probably |
| ใใใ | ku suru | to do something ~ |
| ใใใใพใ | gozaimasu | to be, to exist (the polite form of ใใ / ใ ใ) |
| ใใจ | koto | nominalizer for verbs |
| ใใจใใใ | koto ga aru | there are times when |
| ใใจใใงใใ | koto ga dekiru | can; able to |
| ใใจใซใใ | koto ni suru | to decide on |
| ใใจใซใชใ | koto ni naru | it has been decided that…; it turns out that… |
| ใ | sa | -ness; nominalizer for adjectives |
| ใใใ | Sasuga | as expected; as one would expect; even ~ |
| ใใใฆใใ ใใ | sasete kudasai | please let me do |
| ใใใใใ | saserareru | causative-passive; to be made to do something |
| ใใใ | saseru | causal form; to make/let someone do something |
| ใใฃใ | sakki | a little while ago; just now |
| ใ | shi | and; and what else; emphasis ~ |
| ใใใชใใ | janai ka | right? isn’t it? let’s ~; confirmation |
| ใใฒ | zehi | by all means; certainly; definitely ~ |
| ใใใ | sou da [1] | I heard that; it is said that ~ |
| ใใใ | sou da [2] | it seems; appears; seeming ~ |
| ใใใซใปใใใช | sou ni / sou na | seems like; looks like ~ |
| ใใใงใ | sore demo | but still; and still; even so ~ |
| ใใใซ | sore ni | besides; moreover; in addition to that; furthermore ~ |
| ใใใชใซ | sonna ni | very; so; liked that |
| ใใใ | tagaru | wants to do ~ (third person) |
| ใ ใใง | dake de | just by; just doing |
| ใใจใใ | ta tokoro | just did, was just doing |
| ใใฐใใ | ta bakari | just finished; something just happened |
| ใใ | tara | if; after; when ~ |
| ใใใใใงใใ | tara ii desu ka | what should I do?; speaker seeking instructions from the listener |
| ใใใฉใ | tara dou | why don’t you (used to give advice) |
| ใฃใฆ | tte | named; called ~ |
| ใฅใใ | zurai | difficult to do ~ |
| ใฆ / ใง | te / de | conjunctive particle; so; because of [a], [b]… |
| ใฆใใใ | te ageru | to do; to do a favor |
| ใฆใใ | te iku | to start; to continue; to keep on |
| ใฆใใ | te ita | was doing something (past continuous) |
| ใฆใใใ ใใพใใใ | te itadakemasen ka | could you please ~ |
| ใฆใใใจใใ | teiru tokoro | in the process of doing |
| ใฆใใ | te oku | to do something in advance |
| ใฆใใ | te kuru | to do… and come back; to become; to continue; to start ~ |
| ใฆใใใ | te kureru | to do a favor; to do something for someone |
| ใงใใใใพใ | de gozaimasu | to be (honorific) |
| ใฆใใพใ / ใกใใ | te shimau / chau | to do something by accident, to finish completely |
| ใฆใใฟใพใใ | te sumimasen | I’m sorry for |
| ใงใฏใชใใ | dewa nai ka | right?; isn’t it? |
| ใฆใปใใ | te hoshii | I want you to; I need you to ~ |
| ใฆใฟใ | te miru | try to do |
| ใฆใ | temo | even; even if; although ~ |
| ใงใ | demo | … or something; how about ~ |
| ใฆใใใ | te morau | to get someone to do something |
| ใฆใใ | te yaru | to do; to do a favor (casual) |
| ใฆใใใฃใ | te yokatta | I’m glad that.. |
| ใจ | to | whenever [a] happens, [b] also happens |
| ใจใใ | to iu | called; named; that ~ |
| ใจใใใใจ | to iu koto | to convert a sentence into a noun |
| ใจใ๏ฝใจใ | toka~toka | among other things; such as; like ~ |
| ใจใใ | tokoro | almost; about to do something |
| ใจๆใ๏ผใจใใใ๏ผ | to omou | to thinkโฆ; I think thatโฆ; you thinkโฆ |
| ใจ่ใใ๏ผใจใใใ๏ผ | to kiita | I heard… |
| ใจ่จใฃใฆใใใ๏ผใจใใฃใฆใใใ๏ผ | to ittemo ii | you could say; it can be said; I would say ~ |
| ใจ่จใใใฆใใ๏ผใจใใใใฆใใ๏ผ | to iwarete iru | it is said that ~ |
| ใช | na | don’t ~ (asking someone not to do something) |
| ใชใใชใ๏ฝใชใ | nakanaka~nai | not easy; struggling to; unable to ~ |
| ใชใใ | nagara | while; during; as; simultaneously |
| ใชใใใฐใใใชใ | nakereba ikenai | I must do something; have to do something |
| ใชใใใฐใชใใชใ | nakereba naranai | I must do something; have to do something |
| ใชใใ | nasai | do this (soft/firm command) |
| ใชใใ | nasaru | to do (honorific) |
| ใชใฉ | nado | such as things like ~ |
| ใชใ | nara | if; in the case of ~ |
| ใซใใ | nikui | difficult to do ~ |
| ใซใใ | ni suru | to make something ~ |
| ใซใฟใใ | ni mieru | to look; to seem; to appear |
| ใซๆฐใใคใ๏ผใซใใใคใ๏ผ | ni ki ga tsuku | to notice; to realize |
| ใฎใซ | noni | although, despite, even though ~ |
| ใฎใซ | noni | to do something); in order to ~ |
| ใฎใฏใใ | nowa~da | [a] is [b]; the reason for [a] is [b] |
| ใฎไธญใง๏ผใฎใชใใง๏ผ | no naka de | in; among ~ |
| ใฐ | ba | conditional form; if [a], then [b] |
| ใฏใใโฆ ใฏ | wa~ga… wa | [a] but [b]; however; comparison |
| ใฐใใ | bakari | only; nothing but ~ |
| ใฏใใใชใ | hazu ga nai | cannot be (impossible) |
| ใฏใใ | hazu da | must be; should be (expectation) |
| ใพใใฏ | matawa | both; or; otherwise; choice between [a] or [b] |
| ใพใงใซ | made ni | by; when the time comes; indicates time limit |
| ใพใพ | mama | as it is; current state; without changing ~ |
| ใฟใใใ | mitai da | like, similar to, resembling |
| ใฟใใใช | mitai na | like, similar to ~ |
| ใฟใใใซ | mitai ni | like; similar to ~ |
| ใ | mo | as many as; as much as; even; almost ~ |
| ใใใ | yasui | easy to; prone to; has a tendency to ~ |
| ใใฃใจ | yatto | finally; at last; barely; narrowly ~ |
| ใใใ | you da | seems; appears; seems that ~ |
| ใใใจๆใ๏ผใใใจใใใ๏ผ | you to omou | thinking of doing; planning ~ |
| ใใใซ / ใใใช | you ni / you na | like; as; similar to ~ |
| ใใใซใใ | you ni suru | to try; to make sure that ~ |
| ใใใซใชใ | you ni naru | to reach the point that; to come to be; to become ~ |
| ใใ | yori | than; instead of; more than ~ |
| ใใใ | rashii | seems that; I heard; apparently ~ |
| ใใใ | rareru | potential form; ability or inability to do something |
| ไบๅฎใ ๏ผใใฆใใ ๏ผ | yotei da | to plan, I intend |
| ไปๅ่ฉ & ่ชๅ่ฉ๏ผใใฉใใ & ใใฉใใ๏ผ | tadoushi & jidoushi | transitive and intransitive verbs |
| ๅ จ็ถ๏ฝใชใ๏ผใใใใ๏ฝใชใ๏ผ | zenzen~nai | (not at all) |
| ๅบใ๏ผใ ใ๏ผ | dasu | to start; to begin; to burst;… out (for example, to jump, to perform) |
| ๅ่บซๅฝข๏ผใใใฟใใ๏ผ | ukemi kei | passive form; passive voice |
| ๅ ดๅใฏ๏ผใฐใใใฏ๏ผ | baai wa | in the event of; in case of |
| ๅงใใ๏ผใฏใใใ๏ผ | hajimeru | to start; to begin to ~ |
| ๅพใง๏ผใใจใง๏ผ | ato de | after ~; later |
| ๅฟ ่ฆใใใ๏ผใฒใคใใใใใ๏ผ | hitsuyou ga aru | necessary; it is necessary |
| ๆฅใซ๏ผใใ ใใซ๏ผ | kyuu ni | quickly; immediately; hastily; suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly ~ |
| ๆๅๅฝข ๏ผใใใใใ๏ผ | ikou kei – volitional form | volitional form; let’s do ~ |
| ็ตใใ๏ผใใใ๏ผ | owaru | to finish; to end ~ |
| ็ถใใ๏ผใคใฅใใ๏ผ | tsuzukeru | to continue to; interested in ~ |
| ้๏ผใใใ ๏ผ | aida | while; during; between |
| ้ใซ๏ผใใใ ใซ๏ผ | aida ni | while / during ~ something happened |
| ้ ๏ผใใ / ใใ๏ผ | koro / goro | around; about; when |
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